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If your cabinets have been painted before, you’ll want to determine what type of paint was used. This is important because an oil-base finish requires an oil-base sealer and primer. To test a painted surface, soak a cotton ball in ammonia and stick it to the surface with an adhesive bandage or tape. Take it off after about an hour; if the paint has wrinkles, it’s water-base. If it doesn’t, it’s oil-base. After you apply the correct primer, apply two or three coats of paint to ensure the cabinets will stand up to daily use. One layer of paint is not enough. For best results, apply the paint with a foam roller, then use a brush to spread the paint and create an even finish.

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Before you paint, make sure the paneling is secured to the wall studs. Also decide whether you want a smooth surface or don’t mind seeing grooves between the panels. Either way, you’ll need to clean and sand the surface and then apply an oil-base sealer. Filling in the grooves involves multiple steps, which include applying several coats of exterior-grade surfacing compound and sealer, and sanding between coats.

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Use a roller with a long handle to cover large floor areas, although a brush is fine for small areas. Remember to plan your escape route: Start in a corner and work toward your exit to avoid stepping on wet paint.

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Bathtubs and sinks: Some of the required chemicals for these labor-intensive jobs are toxic. Leave these to the professionals. Kitchen countertops: Don’t paint laminate countertops in your kitchen. Standard paint doesn’t have a food-safe finish, and the paint won’t hold up to heat, abrasions, or moisture. Ceramic tile in wet areas: Water will break down the paint. Even if you use a sealer, the grout and mortar will wick moisture and ruin your paint job.